SELECT 
  f.feature_id, 
  f.purpose, 
  p.product_id, 
  p.parent_product_id, 
  g.id, 
  g.code 
FROM 
  cscart_product_variation_group_features AS f 
  INNER JOIN cscart_product_variation_groups AS g ON f.group_id = g.id 
  INNER JOIN cscart_product_variation_group_products AS p ON f.group_id = p.group_id 
WHERE 
  p.product_id IN (
    27, 23, 160, 24, 159, 568, 1439, 1438, 
    1440, 1441, 1449, 1560, 1448, 1450, 
    1561, 1562, 1572, 1573, 1574
  )

Query time 0.00086

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "19.24"
    },
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "p",
          "access_type": "ALL",
          "possible_keys": [
            "PRIMARY",
            "idx_group_id"
          ],
          "rows_examined_per_scan": 54,
          "rows_produced_per_join": 18,
          "filtered": "35.19",
          "cost_info": {
            "read_cost": "4.04",
            "eval_cost": "1.90",
            "prefix_cost": "5.94",
            "data_read_per_join": "303"
          },
          "used_columns": [
            "product_id",
            "parent_product_id",
            "group_id"
          ],
          "attached_condition": "(`testdobroded`.`p`.`product_id` in (27,23,160,24,159,568,1439,1438,1440,1441,1449,1560,1448,1450,1561,1562,1572,1573,1574))"
        }
      },
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "f",
          "access_type": "ref",
          "possible_keys": [
            "idx_group_id"
          ],
          "key": "idx_group_id",
          "used_key_parts": [
            "group_id"
          ],
          "key_length": "4",
          "ref": [
            "testdobroded.p.group_id"
          ],
          "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
          "rows_produced_per_join": 18,
          "filtered": "100.00",
          "cost_info": {
            "read_cost": "4.75",
            "eval_cost": "1.90",
            "prefix_cost": "12.59",
            "data_read_per_join": "2K"
          },
          "used_columns": [
            "feature_id",
            "purpose",
            "group_id"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "g",
          "access_type": "eq_ref",
          "possible_keys": [
            "PRIMARY"
          ],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "used_key_parts": [
            "id"
          ],
          "key_length": "4",
          "ref": [
            "testdobroded.p.group_id"
          ],
          "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
          "rows_produced_per_join": 18,
          "filtered": "100.00",
          "cost_info": {
            "read_cost": "4.75",
            "eval_cost": "1.90",
            "prefix_cost": "19.24",
            "data_read_per_join": "14K"
          },
          "used_columns": [
            "id",
            "code"
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}